Dualex植物多酚-叶绿素仪：利用Dualex非破坏性测量确定不同甜樱桃园的覆盖下光有效性™

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Dualex植物多酚-叶绿素仪：利用Dualex非破坏性测量确定不同甜樱桃园的覆盖下光有效性™

发表时间：2022-05-05 10:40:57点击：1359

来源：北京欧亚国际科技有限公司

Dualex是一款源自于法国国家科学院 (CNRS)及巴黎第十一大学技术，由奥地利PESSL公司生产（原法国Force-A公司）开发的新型多功能叶片测量仪。它可同时准确测量叶片的叶绿素含量、叶片表层的类黄酮和花青素含量，适用于植物生理学和农学（如水稻叶绿素浓度，玉米氮素状况，葡萄藤等）相关研究。

其测量对象可以是单子叶植物，双子叶植物或多年生植物。这款设备简单易用，可进a行实时和非破坏性测量。由于不需要校准标定和事先的样品制备，测量工作可在实验室或现场完成。此外，该设备在各种温度的和环境光照条件下均可进行简单、快速、无损测量叶片中的叶绿素、多酚以及花青素。

Dualex便携式智能气象-叶绿素-花青素-黄酮醇测量仪

热点

甜樱桃树为纺锤形或树篱。

在覆盖物下以不同的间隔种植，用于早熟作物或开阔地。

每公顷产量最大的灌木篱笆树。

树篱覆盖下用Dualex测量的FLAV指数小幅下降™.

树篱覆盖下截获光的小幅度减少。

摘要

气候条件的变化使得有必要制定樱桃栽培保护策略。本研究的目的是使用Dualex研究不同覆盖种植系统中与光可用性相关的生理过程™ 用于非破坏性测量。因此，樱桃树要么被训练成树篱，即最密集的种植（[2.35米*2]*1.5米），要么被训练成纺锤状（2.70米*2.0米；1.75米*2.9米），在德国波恩附近的克莱恩·阿尔滕多夫种植，或在开阔的田野中种植。不同植株的叶面积没有差异。使用Dualex进行无创测量™ 表明，由于光照不足，作物覆盖下的绿篱树的相对叶片叶绿素含量（Chl=30-33）高于叶绿素含量较低（ChI=26-28）的开阔地生长的叶片。同样，类黄酮指数（Flav）作为表皮类黄酮和光照条件的相对测量值，在作物覆盖下通常较低，在近轴叶侧的绿篱树中最低，与开阔地中的1.6-1.8相比，Flav=1.4-1.5，但始终保持这些值高于1-1.2的临界光照水平。非侵入性测量显示，覆盖下的茂密树篱树冠层内的光照减少高达80%，符合Flav和ChI的最低值。虽然在最佳光照条件（1.75 m*2.9 m）的种植系统中，每棵树的产量最高，但在最密集的种植（2.7 m*2.0 m）中，每英亩的产量最高，有树篱覆盖，这是高产和水果品质与良好光照可用性的理想结合。总体而言，我们的结果表明，光有效性取决于树冠结构、种植系统和树木密度。Flav和ChI指数为评估果园的光照条件提供了可能性，并为优化种植系统提供了参考。

关键词：甜樱桃（Prunus avium L.）、非生物胁迫、叶绿素荧光、气候变化、光限制、设施栽培

Identification of light availability in different sweet cherry orchards under cover by using non-destructive measurements with a Dualex™

Highlights

Sweet cherry trees trained as spindle or hedgerow on dwarfing rootstock.

Planted at different spacing under cover for early crop or open field.

Hedgerow trees under cover with largest yield per ha.

Hedgerow under cover small reduction in FLAV index measured with a Dualex™.

Hedgerow under cover small reduction in intercepted light (Sunscan).

Abstract

Changing climatic conditions makes the development of cultivation strategies for protected cherry cultivation necessary. The objective of the present study was to investigate physiological processes in connection with light availability in different planting systems under cover using a Dualex™ for non-destructive measurements. Hence, cherry trees were either trained as hedgerows, i.e. the most dense planting ([2.35 m*2]*1.5 m), or trained as spindles (2.70 m*2.0 m; 1.75 m*2.9 m) and grown under cover or in the open field at Klein-Altendorf near Bonn, Germany. There was no difference in leaf area between the plantings. Non-invasive measurements with the Dualex™ (Force A, France) showed that a larger relative leaf chlorophyll content (Chl = 30–33) in the hedgerow trees under crop cover as a result of less light than in the open field-grown leaves with less chlorophyll (ChI = 26–28). Similarly, the flavonoid index (Flav), as a relative measure of the epidermal flavonoids and light condition, was generally lower under crop cover and lowest in the hedgerow trees on the adaxial leaf side with Flav = 1.4–1.5 relative to 1.6–1.8 in the open field, but always maintained these high values above the critical light level of 1–1.2. Non-invasive SunScan measurements showed light reductions of up to 80% inside the canopy of the dense hedgerow trees under cover in line with the lowest values for Flav and ChI. Although the largest yield per tree was obtained in the planting system with the best light conditions (1.75 m*2.9 m), the largest yield per acreage was found in the most dense planting (2.7 m*2.0 m) with hedgerows under cover as an ideal combination of a high yield and fruit quality with good light availability. Overall, our results showed that light availability depends on crown structure, planting system and tree density. The indices Flav and ChI offer the possibility to evalsuate the light conditions in an orchard easily and to give a recommendation for an optimized growing system.

Keywords：Sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.),Abiotic stress,Chlorophyll fluorescence,Climate change,Light limitation,Protected cultivation