欧亚国际

   巴塞罗那在学在Phytopathologia Mediterranea发表了文章，文章标题为Effectiveness of biological control of Phytophthora capsici in pepper by Trichoderma asperellum strain T34，研究采用EGC步入式植物生长箱进行。以下是所做研究介绍。

.材料和方法

.植物材料

   将青椒种子(Capsicum annuum cv. Dulce Italiano) 播种在20mL的充满中和泥炭土的多孔版中。要进行植物生长室实验，生长2周的幼苗被转移到400mL的充满中和泥炭土的花盆中，每个处理5个花盆。实验在控制环境室进行（EGC步入式培养箱）。16h光周期的光合有效辐射通量密度为200 μmol m−2s−1，温度保持在25°C。

   要进行温室实验，3或4周的植物被转移到1L花盆里。每个花盆放一个植物，花盆中充满中和泥炭土。每次处理包括6个花盆，花盆随机分布在巴塞罗那大学温室中的南北朝向的桌子上。每个植物生长室和温室实验在相同的生长条件下进行两次。

Effectiveness of biological control of Phytophthora capsici in pepper by Trichoderma asperellum strain T34

Guillem SEGARRA1, manuel AVILÉS2, eva CASANOVA3, Celia BORRERO3 and isabel TRILLAS1

1  Universitat de Barcelona, Departament de Biologia Vegetal, Facultat de Biologia, Avinguda Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona,Catalonia, Spain

2  Universidad de Sevilla, Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales, E.T.S.I.A., Ctra. Utrera, Km. 1, s/n,  41013 Sevilla, Spain

3  Biocontrol Technologies S.L., Parc Científic de Barcelona, Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain

Summary.Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), one of the most widely grown vegetables worldwide, is susceptible to root rot caused by Phytophthora capsici. Many biocides have recently been banned in Europe because of human health and environmental concerns. Integrated pest management is a European priority, where biological control together with other agronomic practices should replace pesticide management of plant diseases in the future. Application of different concentrations of the fungus Trichoderma asperellum strain T34 (the in T34 Biocontrol®) on incidence of disease caused by P. capsici in pepper was studied. Different methods of application of the microbial control agent and inoculation of the pathogen were examined. T34 and etridiazole (Terrazole®) were compared for their ability to suppress P. capsici. T34 reduced disease in most of the assayed situations (up to 71% disease reduc- tion), while etridiazole was effective only when applied at the same time as the pathogen. The results obtained are discussed on the basis of the different modes of action of T34 and etridiazole. T34 is a useful biological alternative to chemicals for the control of P. capsici in pepper.

Materialsandmethods

Plantmaterial

Seeds ofgreenpepper(Capsicumannuumcv. DulceItaliano)weresownin20mL multipottrays filled withneutralisedpeat.Foragrowthchamber experiment,2-week-oldseedlingsweretransferred to 400 mLpots filledwith neutralised peat, with five pots pertreatment.The experimentwas conducted inacontrolled environmentchamber(EGCwalk-in chamber). The photosynthetically active photon flux density in the growth chamber was 200 μmol m−2s−1 duringthe16hphotoperiod andthetemperature wasmaintainedat 25°C.

Forgreenhouse experiments,4-or3-week-old plants(2009and2010, respectively)weretransferred to1L pots.Oneplantwasplacedineachpot,and potswerefilled withneutralisedpeat.Sixpotsper treatmentwererandomlydistributedalonganorth/southorientatedtableinagreenhouselocatedat theUniversityofBarcelona.Eachgrowthchamber andgreenhouseexperimentwasperformedtwicein identicalgrowing conditions.