欧亚国际

WIWAM植物表型成像系统叶绿素荧光成像模块：富含半胱氨酸的小阳离子防御素衍生抗真菌肽控制大豆白霉菌

摘要

由坏死性子囊菌菌核菌引起的白霉菌病给美国大豆产量造成了严重的经济损失。大豆种质缺乏对该病的有效遗传抗性，病原体对杀菌剂的抗性不断增加，使白霉菌难以管理。富含半胱氨酸的小抗真菌肽具有多方面的作用模式，作为生物杀菌剂的可持续喷雾具有发展潜力。我们之前已经报道，GMA4CG_V6肽是MtDef4防御素衍生肽GMA4CG的17个氨基酸变体，含有活性γ-核心基序，对灰霉菌病原灰葡萄孢表现出强大的抗真菌活性。该肽对一种具有攻击性的野外分离株S表现出抗真菌活性。S. sclerotiorum 555 当应用于分离的大豆叶、荚和茎时，它显著减少了白霉菌病症状。在大豆植株上施用喷雾有力控制了白霉菌病。亚致死浓度的GMA4CG_ V6降低了菌核的产生。它对大豆也没有植物毒性。我们的研究结果表明，GMA4CG_V6肽作为一种生物杀菌剂在大豆白霉菌防治中具有很高的开发潜力。

Small cationic cysteine-rich defensin-derived antifungal peptide controls white mold in soybean

Abstract

White mold disease caused by a necrotrophic ascomycete pathogenSclerotinia sclerotiorumresults in serious economic losses of soybean yield in the USA. Lack of effective genetic resistance to this disease in soybean germplasm and increasing pathogen resistance to fungicides makes white mold difficult to manage. Small cysteine-rich antifungal peptides with multi-faceted modes of action hold potential for development as sustainable spray-on bio-fungicides. We have previously reported that GMA4CG_V6 peptide, a 17-amino acid variant of the MtDef4 defensin-derived peptide GMA4CG containing the active γ-core motif, exhibits potent antifungal activity against the gray mold fungal pathogenBotrytis cinerea in vitroandin planta. This peptide exhibited antifungal activity against an aggressive field isolate of S. sclerotiorum 555 in vitro.It markedly reduced white mold disease symptoms when applied to detached soybean leaves, pods, and stems. Spray-application on soybean plants provided robust control of the white mold disease. GMA4CG_V6 at sub-lethal concentrations reduced sclerotia production. It was also non-phytotoxic to soybean plants. Our results demonstrate that GMA4CG_V6 peptide has high potential for development as a bio-fungicide for white mold control in soybean.

WIWAM叶绿素荧光成像模块是革新性的植物叶绿素荧光成像系统，是专门针对整个植株成像的相机系统，成像方式为远程成像，高分辨率和高速成像。生成图像提供了光合作用性能信息。该模块有两种版本: 高分辨率版本和高速版本。同时配有分析软件，可为科学研究和工业应用提供少有的解决方案。所依据的原理是基于持续激发成像荧光计，用以测量Kautskyis响应曲线。采用了高能红灯来使光合作用饱和，通过使用敏感相机，在不同时间点对相应曲线成像以测量F0和Fm。依赖于所拍摄图像的有效信号/噪音比，相机积分时间是从20µs-1ms。红光灯的典型照射强度是1000-5000µmol/(m2s)。

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